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DNA and histones (H2A, H2B, H3, H4, H1) and some other proteins are combined and repeatedly folded and entangled to form a concentrated chromosome. Epigenetic modifications usually include DNA methylation and histone modification and RNA modification, while histone modifications include histone acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. Most of the modifications are located at the N-terminus of histones.